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TTM4128: Network and Service Management

# Basics With regards to the basic foundation of network mangement, there are three models: Organization Model, Information Model and Communciation model. ## Organization Model - Organization model components: - __Manager__ in __Management system__ - __Agent__ in __Managed system__ - __Manager__ - Sends requests to agents. - Monitors alarms from agents. - Houses applications. - Provides user services. - __Agent__ - Gathers information from managed object instances. - Configures paramters of managed object instances. - Responds to mangagers' requests. - Generates alarms and sends them to manager. ## Information Model: Structure of Management Information (SMI) : Syntax and semantics for the defintion of the __managed object types__. Management Information base (MIB) : The library system of the __managed object types__. Management Information tree (MIB tree) : A hierarchical identification system for the __managed object types__.

~~# A) General~~ ## Communication Model: Manager (which contains applications) sends requests to the A~~.1.~~gent (which contains Network elements/Managed Overview and introduction ### Network management Let's start with defining what the course is all about: Network Management : Operations, administration, maintenance and provisioning (OAM&P) of network and services. Its main object~~ive is to allow managers to meet the QoS requirements with an optimal cost, facing challenges including: -~~s). The Appropriate specification of the system requirements (ex: functionality, dependability, performance, cost) - Appropriate selection of technology - The handling of technology heteroginity - The handling of technology development - The handling of development in the needs and usage of the users. - The daily handling of FCAPS #gent sends responds and notifications/traps to the Manager. ## FCAPS

FCAPS, coined by ISO, presents some of the major challenges faced by the network manager: Fault management

: ~~Managing the occurrence of fau~~Detection and isolation of failures in network; Trouble ticket administration; Manageing the occurence of fualty events such as disconnetions at virtual connections, ~~such as disconnections at~~links, and interfaces. Configuration management : Set and change network configuration and compontnet parameters; Set up alarm thresholds; tuning v~~irtual connection~~arious network devices. Accounting management : Charging and billing the use of resources in an enterprise. Performance management : Measurements of performance metrics and actions. Security management : Prevent unauthorized access, ~~lin~~attacks ~~and interfaces. Configuration management :~~ , and protecting data. # S~~etting and tuning various network devices. Accounting management : Charging and billing the use of resources in an enterprise.~~ NMPerformance management : Measurements of performance metrics and actions. Security management : Prevent unauthorized access, attacks, and protecting data. These challenges can be met by - Appropriate system architectures - Scalability, redundancy, flexibility, open solutions for primary as well as management functionality - Appropriate dimensioning of resources (servers, nodes, network links) - Appropriate management tools (Monitoring, troubleshooting and configuration tools and systems) - Appropriate organization of human resources and technical tools - External and internal service procedures - Human organization of management tasks - Appropriate economical resources

### Role of the Information model in the SNetMP information model framework ~~Organisation One possi~~ The role of the Information Model framework is to define managed ob~~le organisation of net~~ject types as w~~ork management is to divide it in three parts: Network provisioning, Network operations (FA~~ell as an identification system for managed object types. CPontent is S~~) and Network~~ MInstallation & Maintenance. In this course we will focus on Network Operations (FCAPS): Support systems/Platforms for Network operations. ### Network management support system functionality Management functionality : Can be related to hardware and software components i nresoruces such as hosts, servers, nordes, links, transmission equipment, and modems. Management functionality can be: - Observation of parameter variables. - Setting of parameter values. - Activation of management procedures. Network resource parameters can be: - Functionality parameters that define functionality features. - Performance parameters define performance measures. Network resource parameters can as exmaples be related to - Interfaces - Protocol entities - Routing and Address tables - Capabilities such as CPU, memory, disc - Transmission channels. ## A.2. Lecture Module 1: Standards and Model Foundation ### Basic architecture ### Manager and Agent ### Management Information Base ( and MIB~~) ###~~. The role of SMI is to define a language basis for defintion and identifcation of Management Object Types ~~###~~. The language applied is ASN.1 Management Object ~~Instances ### Management Data~~Types are defined base # Part B: SNMP based management ## B.1. Lecture Module 2: ASN.1 and BER # Part C: WEB-and XML-based management #SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol ##SMI - Structure of Management Information Defines SNMP specific ASN.1 sy~~ntax and semantics, nodes in the Internet Management tree,~~ the OBJECT-TYPE MACRO. MIB defines the collection of Managed Object Types. Management Object Types are identified by the posistion in the MIB tree. ## SNMPv1 PDUs 5 different PDU. 3 From manager and 2 from agent. get-request : Manager requests value of a managed object from agent. get-next-request : Manager requests value of the next managed object ot the one specified. set-request : Manager initializes or changes the value of managed object. get-response : Agent responds with value for get and set requests from the manager. trap : Alarm generated by an agent. # Part B: SNMP based management ## B.1. Lecture Module 2: ASN.1 and BER #SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol ##SMI - Structure of Management Information Defines SNMP specific ASN.1 syntax and semantics, nodes in the Internet Management tree, the OBJECT-TYPE Macro and mechanism to define Indexes.

##MIB Group A collection of related MIBs that are implemented as a whole in a managed system. ##SNMP Versions ### Comparisons #### Security SNMP version 1 and 2 is prone to the following security threats: - Modification of Information - Masquerade - Reordering of message fragments (to modify meaning) - Disclosure This is resolved in SNMPv3 by implementing the following security services: - Data integrity - Data origin authentication - Encryption - Prevention of redirection, delay and replay #Semantic Web ## RDF - Resource Description Framework RDF is a framework for describing resources on the web. It is designed to be read and understood by computers, and written in XML. RDF is a W3C recommendation. Example RDF document: <?xml version="1.0"?> <RDF> <Description about="http://www.w4schools.com/rdf"> <author>Kris. K. Larsen</author> <homepage>http://www.w4schools.com</homepage> </Description> </RDF> #CIM - Common Information Model Consists of three main components: - CIM Specification - CIM Schema - CIM Extension Schema ## CIM Specification Defines details for integration with other models, as well as syntax and rules and the CIM metaschema. ## CIM Schema Defines the actual model descriptions for systems, applications, local area networks (LANs) and devices. It consists of the Core Model and the Common Models. ## Extension Schema